Online E-Petition System Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Online E-Petition System - Literature review ExampleAs such, in the midst of various possibilities of providing cast of charactersal online participations platforms for citizens, e-petition systems have been considered as being official and full operational online democracy activity for parliaments and governments, as well as for non-governmental institutions across the globe. The first of its kind was d genius in 2000 by the Scottish government it was seemingly the first online petition or e-petition system to be established anywhere in the world by an elected parliament (Susha and Gronlund, 2012 Medaglia, 2012). This was followed in 2002 by the sevens of Queensland, which also designed and developed its own e-petition system. The Bundestag, Germans Federal Parliament also followed suit and has been, since 2005, operating an e-petition system that is more similar to the one established by the Scottish parliament. Not only parliaments followed this path, governments and other non- governmental institutions also followed this path for instance, the office of the British Prime Minister in 2006 launched an e-petition system dubbed the British Prime Ministers e-petition system (Ralf Lindner and Ulrich Riehm, 2009 Beddie et al., 2001).In comparison to other forms of formal, codified, and institutionalized online political participation, which are albeit less advanced, e-petitions which have a quite telltale(a) uptake by a number of public institutions still remains more an experimental concept limited to very specific purposes (Taylor-Smith and Buckner, 2009). For instance, online voting, a form of online participation in referenda and general elections has been introduced in various jurisdictions across the globe however, most governments eventually have refrained from these online political participation systems because of unresolved legal, technical, and political challenges (Kriplean et al., 2009 Bhle and Ulrich Riehm, 2013). In the US, as well as in many jur isdictions throughout