EARLY MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

EARLY MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES - Essay ExampleHowever, the possibility that comes closest in understanding the motivation in humane being in both sense is Abraham Maslows theory of Hierarchy of necessitate. Unlike the reward-punishment and fair-unfair approach of motivation theories like reinforcement theory by B.F. Skinner and equity theory by John Adams respectively, the theory of hierarchy of involve takes a humanistic approach towards the motivation f movementor in human beings. It considers human beings as worldly concern and non machines or trainable beings who can be made to behave in certain way by giving them certain rewards in return. Hierarchy of demand is the most developed and human theory of motivation because it not nevertheless determine the physical and psychological needs of human being, but also values the spiritual needs of human beings and hence, demonstrate that every human being has a spiritual dimension hidden in him which can be come through when his b asic needs ar fulfilled. The idea of whole being Abraham Maslow was a revolutionary psychologist. He was instrumental in bringing a totally different kind of thinking, known as the third force, in the field of psychology. Maslow believed that religious aspects of human beings, like morality and spirituality, are as much a part of human nature as science is (Goble 32). He believed that if one is to truly understand the nature of human being, then one should study not only the scientific aspects of his nature but also the spiritual and moral aspects (Goble 32). This belief led Abraham Maslow to develop the theory of motivation called as the hierarchy of needs. Maslows theory of human motivation is based on an understanding that human being is an integrated and organized whole being and hence, when he is do to do something, then his whole being gets involved in fulfilling the motivated act and not just a part of him (Goble 50). Hence, the desires and the needs that motivate human be ings are related to each other and do not function independently from each other. The more complex the need and desire is, the higher are the chances of interrelation with other needs and desires (Goble 50). Hence, human beings cannot be motivated to perform by rewarding (ends) their individual needs (means) (Goble 50). An individual cannot be motivated to act unless all his interrelated needs are fulfilled. Hence, Maslow based his theory of motivation on the basis of the understanding that human being gets highly motivated only when he realizes that the needs of his whole being are getting fulfilled. Hierarchy of needs Maslow has classified human needs into following five categories 1. Physiological require According to Maslow, the physiological needs of food, liquid, shelter, sex, sleep and oxygen are the most powerful needs of human being as his physical survival depends on these needs (Goble 50). Once these needs are sufficiently satisfied, then the next category of needs emerg e in the nature of the human beings. 2. The Safety Needs The preventive needs of human beings are fulfilled when they experience security, consistency, fairness and routine at home and at school/work (Goble 54). When a person is denied of safety needs, he becomes neurotic and his need for order and control becomes a matter of life and death (Goble 54). This leads him to develop compulsive and neurotic attitude towards safety needs. When the safety needs are unfulfilled, then people get